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OBJECTIVE To provide reference for clinically safe application of avapritinib. METHODS The adverse drug event （ADE） reports of avapritinib from January 9th，2020，to September 30th，2022 were collected from FDA Adverse Event Reporting System （FAERS） database. For data mining and analysis，reporting odds ratio （ROR） method and proportional reporting ratio （PRR） method in the proportional imbalance method were utilized. RESULTS A total of 10 895 ADE reports with avapritinib as the main suspect drug were gathered，and 201 ADE signals involving 19 systematic organ classifications were found after eliminating invalid signals. The instruction of the drugs did not mention any of the ADE，including tinnitus，dementia，chilly limbs， the reduction of blood iron，the reduction of blood sugar，fever，the reduction of vitamin D and vitamin B12，as well as all ADE in the 2 SOCs of musculoskeletal and connective tissue illnesses，diseases of the reproductive system，and diseases of the breast. The majority of the ADE reports 670 cases with complete drug information were for the nervous system （230 cases，accounting for 34.33%） and ocular organ （277 cases，accounting for 41.34%）. Compared with other systems，daily dose and treatment course showed significant effects on ADE of neurological system and ocular organ （P＜0.05），and the patient’s age had a significant impact on the ADE of the nervous system （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS A greater incidence of ADE after using avapritinib is present in patients older than 65 with a daily dose of 300 mg/d and a treatment period lasting between 31 and 90 days； patients receiving a daily dose of 300 mg/d and a treatment regimen lasting 31 to 90 days are more likely to experience ADE of the ocular organ. Attention should be given to the aberrant symptoms of the patient’s eyes and nervous system throughout clinical use of avapritinib，and prompt intervention should be given.
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A fluorescent immunochromatographic test strip based on the quantum dots submicrobeads (QBs) was developed for quantitative detection of chloramphenicol (CAP). In this method, monoclonal antibody of CAP and OBs complex fluorescent probe was first prepared using 1-ethyl-3-( 3-dimethylaminopropyl ) carbodiimide / N-hydroxysuccinimide coupling approach, then complete antigen CAP-HS-BSA was synthesized and sprayed on nitrocellulose membrane as test line (T line). Similarly, goat anti-mouse antibody was sprayed as control line (C line). The time required for the analysis was 15 min, and the limit of detection (LOD) for CAP was 0. 1 μg / L, with a working range of 0. 1 - 100 μg / L. In spiked milk samples, the test strip demonstrated high recoveries in the range from 93. 3% to 97. 9% with relative standard deviations of less than 7% .
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Objective To observe the effect of postoperative psychological intervention combined with warfarin anticoagulation in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement. Methods A total of 56 patients with heart valve replacement treated in our hospital from January 2015 to September 2016 were randomly selected as the research object.The amount of warfarin and the incidence of complications were discussed by psychological intervention and follow-up. Results 56 patients were successful visit, complications in 5 cases (8.92%), which accounted for 3 cases (5.35%) of bleeding, embolism accounted for 2 cases (3.57%), normal in 51 cases (91.07%), hemorrhage in prothrombin time, dosage of Hua Falin and the international normalized ratio was significantly higher than that of patients with embolism and normal patients, the differences was statistically significant (P<0.05); psychological intervention on the compliance of patients after Hua Falin used significantly. Conclusion In patients with heart valve replacement after long-term warfarin anticoagulation, the international normalized ratio remains in the range of 1.8~2.5 can meet the requirement of anticoagulant and reduce the incidence of complications, psychological care after the surgery, can effectively improve the compliance of warfarin, is conducive to the treatment of patients with.
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Objective To observe the effect of postoperative psychological intervention combined with warfarin anticoagulation in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement. Methods A total of 56 patients with heart valve replacement treated in our hospital from January 2015 to September 2016 were randomly selected as the research object.The amount of warfarin and the incidence of complications were discussed by psychological intervention and follow-up. Results 56 patients were successful visit, complications in 5 cases (8.92%), which accounted for 3 cases (5.35%) of bleeding, embolism accounted for 2 cases (3.57%), normal in 51 cases (91.07%), hemorrhage in prothrombin time, dosage of Hua Falin and the international normalized ratio was significantly higher than that of patients with embolism and normal patients, the differences was statistically significant (P<0.05); psychological intervention on the compliance of patients after Hua Falin used significantly. Conclusion In patients with heart valve replacement after long-term warfarin anticoagulation, the international normalized ratio remains in the range of 1.8~2.5 can meet the requirement of anticoagulant and reduce the incidence of complications, psychological care after the surgery, can effectively improve the compliance of warfarin, is conducive to the treatment of patients with.
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Objective To investigate the dynamic levels of autophagy after intimal injury of carotid artery. Meth-ods In this study ,40 male SD rats were randomly assigned to operated(n=20)and control groups(n=20). Balloon inju-ry was induced in the left carotid artery in operated groups .Rats in control groups just received carotid artery exposure without injury. Western blot was used to detect the levels of Beclin-1, LC3 and p62 at the third and seventh days. Immu-nofluorescence was used to examine the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3 at the third and seventh days. Results The ex-pression levels of Beclin-1 and LC3 were increased while the levels of P62 were decreased at the third and seventh days after carotid balloon injury. Beclin-1 and LC3 were present in neointima and medintima. The numbers of both Beclin-1 positive cells and LC3 positive cells were increased at the third and seventh days after carotid injury. The numbers of Be-clin-1 positive cells were 18.60 ± 1.34 in neointima and 6.40 ± 0.55 in medintima at third day, (27.6 ± 2.19 in neointima and 6.40±0.55 in medinitima at the seventh day,(all P=0.000,n=5). The numbers of LC3 positive cells were 10.60±1.52 in neointima and 3.00 ± 0.71 in medintima at third day, (P=0.000,n=5;at the seventh day 21.20 ± 2.49;3.00 ± 0.71,P=0.000,n=5). Conclusions This study domenstrates that autophagy was activated after carotid injury and the chang is dy-namic, which may contribute to neointima formation.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of PMC therapy (Prednisone, Methotrexate, Chloroquine) combined Langchuang Fuzheng Jiedu Capsule (LFJC), thus choosing a better therapy of integrative medicine for SLE in the period of glucocorticoid use.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty active SLE patients were randomly assigned to two groups, the control group and the treatment group. Those in the control group received PMC therapy (As for Prednisone, it was given at the daily dose of 1 mg/kg till 2 weeks after the condition being stable or after 8 weeks of treatment. Then the dose was reduced by 10% every two weeks. When the dose was reduced to 0.5 mg/kg daily, it was reduced by 2.5 mg per two weeks. When the dose was reduced to 15 mg daily, the dose was reduced to 2.5 mg per four weeks. As for Methotrexate, 10 mg each time, once a week. As for Chloroquine, 100 mg each time, twice daily), while those in the treatment group received PMC therapy (the same way as that for the control group) combined with LFJC (consisting of Astragalus membranaceus 50 g, Angelica sinensis 20 g, Ligusticum Chuanxiong 20 g, prepared Rehmannia Rhizome 30 g, Herba Serissae 30 g, Centella 30 g, centipede 4 g, scorpions 10 g, nidus versace 12 g, et al., 0.5 g per pill, containing 5.7 g crude drug. When the hormone was given at a large dose, LFJC was administered at 12 pills each time, three times daily). When the hormone was given at a middle dose, LFJC was administered at 8 pills each time, three times daily. When the hormone was given at a small dose, LFJC was administered at 6 pills each time, three times daily. The treatment course was six months. The improvement of symptoms and signs between before and after treatment, SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI), efficacy of Chinese medical syndrome, UPro quantitation, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), complement 3 (C3), C-reactive protein (CRP), the reduction and withdrawal of hormones, and infection of the respiratory tract were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The difference in post-SLEDAI was obviously larger in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The fatigue severity scale (FSS) was less after treatment than before treatment in the treatment group, showing statistical difference when compared with that of the control group (P < 0.05). The total effective rate was 93.33% in the treatment group, showing statistical difference when compared with that of the control group (86.66%; chi2 = 6.736, P < 0.05). The ESR decreased after treatment in the treatment group, showing statistical difference when compared with that of the control group (P < 0.01). C3 increased after treatment in the treatment group, showing statistical difference when compared with that of the control group (P < 0.05). The hormone was reduced to (13.70 +/- 5.42) mg/d by the end of the therapeutic course in the treatment group, obviously less than that of the control group [(17.63 +/- 7.80) mg/d, P < 0.05). Seven patients suffered from secondary infection of the respiratory tract infection in the treatment group (5 from upper respiratory tract infection and 2 from lower respiratory tract infection), obviously less than those of the control group (25 from upper respiratory tract infection and 10 from lower respiratory tract infection) (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PMC combined LFJC was a better treatment program for severe active SLE (SLEDAI > or = 15). It was more safe and effective when compared with using Western medicine alone. It could enhance the efficacy of hormones and help reduction/withdrawal of hormones.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Chloroquine , Therapeutic Uses , Drug Therapy, Combination , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Integrative Medicine , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic , Drug Therapy , Methotrexate , Therapeutic Uses , Phytotherapy , Methods , Prednisone , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between retroviruses and autoimmune diseases, to clone the novel retroviral NP9 gene from human endogenous retrovirus (HERV), and to construct its expression vector.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The viral NP9 gene was amplified and cloned by RT-PCR and T-A clone techniques, and its sequence was determined with Perkin-Elmer 377 DNA Sequencer. The amplified viral NP9 gene was subcloned into the prokaryotic express vector pQE30. The recombinant plasmids were identified by restriction endonuclease digestion and sequencing. The recombinant pQE30-NP9 protein was expressed in M15 host cells under the IPTG induction and showed with SDS-PAGE,and the corresponding NP9 viral protein was identified with Western blot analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>A specific band of 250 bp was amplified using RT-PCR from total RNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and confirmed as the NP9 gene via T-A clone and DNA sequencing analyses. SDS-PAGE profile showed a clear protein band with a relative molecular weight 9 kD in the IPTG-induced samples, which was confirmed as viral NP9 protein by Western blot analysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The NP9 gene has been successfully isolated and cloned from PBMCs of SLE patients and the corresponding NP9 viral protein expressed in prokaryotic expression vector.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Amino Acid Sequence , Base Sequence , Cloning, Molecular , Gene Products, env , Genetics , Genetic Vectors , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic , Genetics , Virology , Molecular Sequence Data , Retroviridae , Genetics , Metabolism , Retroviridae Proteins , GeneticsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of a novel retroviral (NP9) gene transcripts and the possible role of its protein in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The retroviral NP9 gene in SLE patients was isolated and cloned using RT-PCR and TA cloning techniques, and it was analyzed by sequencing. The expression of the NP9 genes in 40 patients with SLE and 48 normal controls using RT-PCR was detected. NCBI BLAST and DNASIS 3.1 software were used to analyze the features of protein of NP9 gene.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive ratio (77.5%) of the mRNA expression of the retroviral NP9 gene in SLE patients is significantly higher than that (8.3%) in normal subjects (P<0.01). The recombinant NP9 protein comprises 74 AA with pI 9.59. Amino acid sequence analysis indicates that the retroviral NP9 protein shares higher homologies with several human proteins with important biological functions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SLE patients possess specific novel retroviral NP9 transcripts. The expression of the retroviral NP9 gene may involve in the genesis or development of SLE.</p>